Neurodivergent, adjective [English] (neu·ro·di·ver·gent)
: having or relating to a disorder or condition (such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia, or obsessive-compulsive disorder) that impacts the way the brain processes information : exhibiting or characteristic of variations in typical neurological development.1
Neurodiversity, noun [English] (neu·ro·di·ver·si·ty)
1: individual differences in brain functioning regarded as normal variations within the human population
2: the concept that differences in brain functioning within the human population are normal, that brain functioning that is not neurotypical should not be stigmatized, and that people with neurodivergent brain functioning should not be excluded from groups, organizations, etc.2
“[The neurodiversity paradigm] challenges us to reexamine all categories and concepts that currently fall under the pathology paradigm, lest it turn out we have wrongly medicalized suffering in any strand of human life that might better be accounted for in terms of social marginalization and oppression.”3
Important Notes
The words “neurodivergent” and “neurodiversity” are rooted in the English language and English speaking and cultural contexts.
Definitions of neurodivergence and disabilities (as with other marginalizations) are culturally and societally ascribed. What is labeled as such in one culture may not be in another.
While we will often find “neurodivergent” and “neurodiversity” used together, it is important to understand that “neurodiversity” and the Neurodiversity Movement represent a paradigm shift from pathology to diversity. This shift, however, does not (and should not) include the very real and disabling experiences of neurodivergent individuals.
Further Reading on Neurodiversity
- “Neurodiversity: a Brief History,” Neurodiversity@Caltech. https://neurodiversity.caltech.edu/resources/neurodiversity-a-brief-history
- Baaumer, Nicole, MD, MEd and Julia Frueh, MD. “What is Neurodiversity?” Harvard Health Publishing, November 23, 2021. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/what-is-neurodiversity-202111232645
- Chapman, Robert. Empire of Normality: Neurodiversity and Capitalism, Pluto Press, 2023.
- Nair, V. K., Farah, W., & Boveda, M. (2024). “Is neurodiversity a Global Northern White paradigm?, Autism, 0(0).
https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241280835 - Omeiza KA (2024). Autistic and Black: Our Experiences of Growth, Progress, and Empowerment. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 9781839976209.
- Praslova LN. “Autism Doesn’t Hold People Back at Work. Discrimination Does”. Harvard Business Review, December 13, 2021
- Tougaw, Jason. “Neurodiversity: the Movement,” Psychology Today (O), April 18, 2020.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-elusive-brain/202004/neurodiversity-the-movement - Österborg, Sofia. “The Neurodiversity Movement and the Nordic Countries,” nordics.info, Aarhus University, February 7, 2025. https://nordics.info/nnl/show/artikel/introduction-to-the-neurodiversity-movement-in-the-nordic-countries
A Sampling of Organizations Related to Specific Neurodivergences4
- Attention Deficit Disorder Association (ADDA)
https://add.org/ - Autism Self Advocacy Network https://autisticadvocacy.org/
- Anxiety and Depression Association of America https://adaa.org/
- Black Neurodiversity https://www.blackneurodivevrsity.com/
- International Dyslexia Association https://dyslexiaida.org/
- ION-Institute of Neurodiversity https://ioneurodiversity.org/
- Kaleidoscope Society https://www.kaleidoscopesociety.com/
- Therapist Neurodiversity Collective [International]
https://therapistndc.org/ - TS Around the World https://www.tourettes-action.org.uk/75-ts-around-the-world.html
- World Autism Organization https://worldautismorganisation.com/ [accessible in over one hundred languages]
- Aldrige, James. “What’s Neurodivergence Got to Do With It?”, Climate Museum UK, February 01, 2025. https://climatemuseumuk.org/2025/02/01/whats-neurodivergence-got-to-do-with-it/
- Martin, Chris. “The Listening World: Neurodivergent Poets from Unrestricted Interest,” the Poetry Society of America. https://poetrysociety.org/poems-essays/on-poetry/on-the-listenting-world
- Unrestricted Interest. An Organization co-founded by Chris Martin that is “an organization dedicated to helping neurodivergent learners transform their lives through writing.” www.unrestrictedinterest.com
- “Unrestricted Interest,” New York Public Library Exhibit.
https://www.nypl.org/events/exhibitions/community-showcases/unrestricted-interest - Martinez, Chloe. “Neurodivergent People Find Solace in Wild Places (and the planet benefits from it),” Sierra, April 2025. https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2025-1-spring/critic-s-notebook/neurodivergent-people-find-solace-wild-places
- McNamara, B. “The Kaleidoscope Society Is Smashing ADHD Stigma for Women and Girls”. Teen Vogue, December 12, 2016. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/kaleidoscope-society-adhd-stigma-women-girls
- Redhead, Eve. “How neurodiversity can impact climate action,” bulletin*, The University of Edinburgh, (April 24, 2024). https://bulletin.ed.ac.uk/2024/04/24/how-neurodiversity-can-impact-climate-action/
1. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, s.v. “neurodivergent,” accessed September 12, 2025, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neurodivergent.
2. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, s.v. “neurodiversity,” accessed September 12, 2025, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neurodiversity.
3. Robert Chapman. “Neurodiversity Theory and Its Discontents: Autism, Schizophrenia, and the Social Model of Disability,” The Bloomsbury Companion to Philosophy of Psychiatry, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2019 (pp. 371-390).
4. This sampling should in no way read as an endorsement from us, simply a starting place for personal education.

